Day 2 :
Keynote Forum
Jas Pal Badyal
Durham University, UK
Keynote: Bioinspired Surfaces For Water Collection And Purification
Time : 09:15-10:00
Biography:
Jas Pal Badyal was awarded BA/MA (1985) and PhD (1988) degrees from Cambridge University; where he subsequently held a King’s College Fellowship and the Oppenheimer Fellowship. In 1996 he was promoted to Full Professor at Durham University. He has 171 publications and 37 patents. Notable honours include the Harrison Prize, The Royal Society of Chemistry; the Burch Prize, The British Vacuum Council; and the IAAM Medal, International Association of Advanced Materials. His research has led to 3 successful start-up companies: Surface Innovations Ltd; Dow Corning Plasma Ltd; and P2i Ltd (2015 International Business Award for 'Most Innovative Company in Europe').
Abstract:
The United Nations estimates that over one in ten people across the world do not have access to clean water. Hence, affordable, eco-sustainable methods for water collection and purification are a major global challenge facing society today. Within this context, the understanding of water droplet impact upon solid surfaces is an important phenomenon (as well as for other technological applications such as rapid cooling, freezing, crop spraying, and inkjet printing). The impact and wetting of water droplets onto bioinspired three-dimensional hierarchical surfaces has been investigated using high-speed imaging to show that variation of surface topographical length scales can be utilised to control the dynamics of droplet impact. For water collection, it has been found that the three-dimensional hierarchical length scale structures of the Cotula fallax plant comprising stems, leaves, and fine hairs, capture and steer water droplets during fog episodes. In the case of the coniferous tree, Thuja plicata, remarkable water channelling properties are observed relating to the hierarchical macro surface structure of the plant, which can be easily replicated into meshes. Alongside water collection, three-dimensional hierarchical surfaces have also been developed for the capture and release of agricultural and heavy metal water pollutants, the killing of bacteria, and oil-water separation. Envisaged societal applications include water harvesting and low cost breathable architecture for developing countries.
Keynote Forum
Hiroshi Nakazawa
Osaka City University, Japan
Keynote: Effective dehydrogenation of alcohol catalyzed by iron complexes
Time : 10:00-10:45
Biography:
Hiroshi Nakazawa has completed his PhD from Hiroshima University, Japan. After working at Tokyo Institute of Technology and at University of Utah as a Post-doctoral Research Fellow, he became a Research Associate at Hiroshima University in the year 1984. From 1994 to 1996, he was appointed as an Associate Professor of Institute for Molecular Science. In 2002, he became a Full Professor of Osaka City University, Japan. He received the Commendation for Science and Technology from the Ministry of Education of Japan in 2009 and the Award for Chemical Education from the Chemical Society of Japan in 2015.
Abstract:
Many methods of transition metal-catalyzed oxidation of alcohols have been developed using oxidants such as oxygen and hydrogen peroxide and hydrogen acceptors such as alkenes and acetones. Recently, oxidant-free and hydrogen acceptor-less dehydrogenation reaction of alcohols have been developed. However, all these catalysts reported to date are highly toxic and precious transition metals. We here, report an unprecedented iron-catalyzed dehydrogenation of alcohols in the absence of hydrogen acceptors. After various combinations of alcohols and iron complexes, we found that (ï¨5-C5H5)Fe(CO)2Cl has excellent catalytic activity for the oxidation of 2-pyridylmethanol derivatives to the corresponding dehydrogenative products with evolution of hydrogen gas. The catalytic activity of the iron complex was enhanced by the addition of 2 mol% of NaH-based on the alcohols. In particular, 2-pyridylbenzylalcohol was quantitatively converted to 2-benzoylpyridine. The hydrogenation could also be achieved even when the amount of the iron complex was reduced from 1 to 0.001 mol%. The highest turnover number achieved was 67000. A possible catalytic cycle will be discussed for the dehydrogenation of 2-pyridylmethanol derivatives catalyzed by (ï¨5-C5H5)Fe(CO)2Cl and NaH.
Keynote Forum
Jagadese J VITTAL
National University of Singapore, Singapore
Keynote: Solid State Photo Polymerization Via [2+2] Cycloaddition Reaction
Time : 10:45-11:30
Biography:
JJ Vittal received his PhD from Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore. He is currently a Professor in the Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore. JJ’s broad research interests include solid state chemistry, inorganic materials and crystal engineering. He published more than 450 research papers and a number of authoritative reviews. He edited several special issues of the journals, co-edited two books and co-authored a textbook in crystal engineering. His current h-index is 62 and cited about 16,000 times.
Abstract:
Single crystals of organic polymers or the metal complexes of organic polymeric ligands are not known since they are difficult to crystallize by traditional solution methods and therefore, their three-dimensional structures could not be determined by single crystal X-ray crystallography due to lack of single crystals. On the contrary, solid-state reactions offer the crystalline products that cannot be achieved in solution synthesis. For example, highly crystalline organic polymers have been accomplished both thermally and photochemically in the solid state for diacetylenes, diolefins, a triacetylene, a triene, etc. In this respect polycyclobutane generated by the solid state [2+2] cycloaddition of 2,5-distyrylpyrazine is an interesting class of crystalline organic polymers. Such an organic polymer containing cyclobutane rings can be introduced into a metal-organic framework (MOF) if the conjugated C=C bonds are infinitely aligned closely in a slip-stacked manner such that one C=C bond pair is aligned between any two adjacent spacer ligands in the MOF. We have succeeded in making single crystals of a one-dimensional Zn(II) coordination polymer fused with an organic polymer ligand made in situ by [2+2] cycloaddition reaction of a six-fold metal-organic framework. This organic polymer ligand can be depolymerised in a single-crystal to single-crystal (SCSC) fashion by heating. We have extended this strategy to make a range of monocrystalline metal organo-polymeric complexes. Such highly monocrystalline metal complexes of organic polymers were hitherto inaccessible for materials researchers. The details will be discussed during the talk.
- Polymer Chemistry | Clinical Chemistry | Natural Chemistry
Location: ALGONQIN (A)
Chair
Jin Seok Lee
Sookmyung Womens University, South Korea
Co-Chair
Godwin Basil D Cunha
Cape Breton University, Canada
Session Introduction
Peng Ding
Shanghai University, P R China
Title: Highly thermal conductive composites with polyamide-6 covalently-grafted graphene by an in situ polymerization and thermal reduction process
Time : 11:45-12:15
Biography:
Peng Ding has completed his PhD in Polymer Chemistry and Physics from University of Science and Technology of China (USTC). His research interest is mainly focused on the Polymer Chemistry and Polymer Nanocomposites. He has published more than 50 papers, applied for 37 Chinese patents (17 authorized), and was awarded the First Shanghai Science and Technology Progress Prize and the Second Shanghai Science and Technology Progress Prize, China.
Abstract:
The thermal conductive polyamide-6/graphene (PG) composite is synthesized by in situ ring-opening polymerization reaction using ε-caprolactam as the monomer, 6-aminocaproic acid as the initiator and reduced graphene oxide (RGO) as the thermal conductive filler. The generated polyamide-6 (PA6) chains are covalently grafted onto graphene oxide (GO) sheets through the “grafting to” strategy with the simultaneous thermal reduction reaction from GO to RGO. The homogeneous dispersion of RGO sheets in PG composite favors the formation of the consecutive thermal conductive paths or networks at a relatively low GO sheets loading, which improves the thermal conductivity (λ) from 0.196 W•m−1•K−1 of neat PA6 to 0.416 W•m−1•K−1 of PG composite with only 10 wt% GO sheets loading.
Jin Seok Lee
Sookmyung Women’s University, South Korea
Title: Sequentially self-limited molecular layer deposition of uniformly aligned polyurea thin films
Time : 12:15-12:45
Biography:
Jin Seok Lee has completed his PhD from Sogang University and Post-doctoral studies from Harvard University, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology. He is an Associate Professor of Chemistry in Sookmyung Women’s University. He has published more than 45 papers in reputed journals.
Abstract:
Development of methods enabling the preparation of uniformly aligned polymer thin films at the molecular level is a prerequisite for realizing their optoelectronic characteristics as innovative materials; however, these methods often involve a compromise between scalability and accuracy. In this study, we have grown uniformly aligned polyurea thin films on a SiO2 substrate using molecular layer deposition (MLD) based on sequential and self-limiting surface reactions. By integrating plane-polarized Fourier-transform infrared, Raman spectroscopic tools and density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we demonstrated the uniform alignment of polyurea MLD films. Furthermore, the selective-wavelength absorption characteristics of these films were investigated by integrating optical measurements and finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulations of reflection spectra, resulting from their thickness-dependent fine resonance with photons.
Godwin Basil D’Cunha
Cape Breton University, Canada
Title: Phenylalanine/Tyrosine ammonia lyase enzyme catalyzed synthesis of the methyl ester of parahydroxycinnamic acid and its potential antibacterial activity
Time : 12:45: 13:15
Biography:
Godwin Basil D’Cunha completed his PhD in Biochemistry from The University of Mumbai, India in 1995 and did his Post-doctoral work in Protein Chemistry and Enzymology from 1995-1997 at The University of Mumbai. He relocated to USA in 1997 and was an Adjunct Assistant Professor (City University of New York, 1999 – 2001), and then relocated to Canada in 2001. He is an Associate Professor in the Department of Chemistry at Cape Breton University (CBU), Sydney, Nova Scotia, Canada (currently in his 14th year of service at CBU). His research group works on fundamental and applied aspects of Phenylalanine Ammonia Lyase (PAL), an enzyme with considerable medical, industrial, and biotechnological significance. He has published 13 papers in peer-reviewed reputed journals and has made 32 presentations of his work at national and international conferences.
Abstract:
Enzymes are molecular machines that are vital to sustain life in biological systems including humans. Enzyme catalysis has revolutionized manufacturing processes in pharmaceutical, chemical and food industries. We have shown that Phenylalanine Ammonia Lyase (PAL) enzyme functions efficiently in both aqueous and non-aqueous media. We have also successfully used PAL in the production of L-phenylalanine (L-Phe) and L-phenylalanine methyl ester (L-PM), fine chemicals with very high demand in chemical and food industries. Recently, we have successfully demonstrated Phenylalanine/tyrosine ammonia lyase (PTAL) catalyzed transformation of L-tyrosine methyl ester (L-TM) to para-hydroxycinnamic acid methyl ester (p-HCAM) and its antibiotic activity. Different conditions including pH, temperature, speed of agitating reaction milieu, enzyme concentration, and substrate concentration were optimized for the maximal formation of p-HCAM. The product (p-HCAM) was confirmed using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy (NMR). Fourier Transform Infra-Red spectroscopy (FTIR) was carried out to rule out potential hydrolysis of p-HCAM during overnight incubation. Potential antibacterial activity of p-HCAM was tested against several strains of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. In addition to using p-HCAM as an antibacterial agent (perhaps as a topical treatment agent or disinfectant), we also intend testing its potential applications as a food additive (inclusion in canned foods to prevent microbial contamination).
Abdalla H Karoyo
University of Saskatchewan, Canada
Title: Smart polymer materials - Tuning the physicochemical properties of polysaccharides via cross-linking conditions
Time : 14:00-14:30
Biography:
Abdalla H Karoyo obtained his PhD from the University of Saskatchewan under the supervision of Prof. Lee Wilson and P. Hazendonk (University of Lethbridge) in the 2014/2015 academic year. He has worked with Environment Canada as a Chemical Scientist and is currently working with Prof. Wilson as a Post-doctoral fellow.
Abstract:
The physicochemical properties (e.g. surface chemistry and solubility) of polysaccharide-based polymers can be tuned via cross-linking conditions. The structure and function of novel urethane-based polymer materials containing 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) and ï¢- cyclodextrin ï¢-CD) in a 1:1, 3:1, and 6:1 (HDI:β-CD) mole ratios (denoted HDI-1, -3, and -6, respectively) were studied. The host-guest chemistry and adsorption properties of the HDI-polymers vary according to the accessibility of the cavity inclusion sites of β-CD, the surface chemistry of the non-inclusion domains of the polymer framework, and the nature of the guest. On one extreme, HDI-1 with the lowest cross-linker content is a water soluble linear polymer with ~100% inclusion site accessibility and a behavior that is characteristic of a “smart” material. The HDI-1 polymer herein adopts a compact and extended conformation as a function of temperature change and/or guest concentration gradient. On the other extreme, HDI-6 with the highest cross-linker content is a water insoluble branched polymer with negligible inclusion sites accessibility and readily available non-inclusion domains. The adsorption of the HDI-polymers for the perfluorocarbon and hydrocarbon guests occur within the non-inclusion sites, as well as within the inclusion sites in the absence of steric hindrance; whereas, the removal capacity meets or exceeds literature values. The molecular structure of the HDI-polymers was investigated using such techniques as Raman, 1D/2D 1H NMR, and circular dichroism spectroscopy.
MarÃa Belén Camarada
Universidad Bernardo O´Higgins, Chile
Title: Chemical and electrochemical synthesis of graphene/conducting polymers nanocomposites
Time : 14:30-15:00
Biography:
María Belén Camarada has completed her PhD from Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. She is a member of the research team of Laboratorio de Bionanotecnología, Universidad Bernardo O´Higgins, Chile, focusing on the development of electrochemical DNA sensors. She has participated in national and international conferences and has ISI publications in the area of Electrochemistry and Computational Simulations.
Abstract:
Potentiometric, amperometric and conductometric electrochemical sensors have been widely developed as an inexpensive and simple method to sensitively detect a variety of analytes in the areas of environmental, industrial, and clinical analyses. Among new interfaces that have been tested for electrochemical sensors, carbon nanomaterials have been reported as advantageous because they increase the electro-active surface area, enhance electron transfer, and promote adsorption of molecules. Graphene, a two-dimensional single layer of graphite and one-atom-thick sheet material has received increasing attention due to its unique physicochemical properties such as large surface area, excellent conductivity and strong mechanical strength. Recently, Conducting Polymers (CP) have been applied as materials to modify the electrode surface and has been demonstrated that carbon materials can reinforce the stability of CP and provide more active nucleation sites in electrochemical sensors. In this work, different nanocomposites of graphene and CP: Poly(aniline), poly(pyrrole) and poly(thiophene), were synthesized through chemical synthesis using a salt as oxidant and also through in situ electrochemical polymerization in the presence of graphene oxide. Conductivity and stability of the new materials synthesized by both pathways were compared electrochemically, while morphologies and structure were analyzed by AFM, FT-IR and UV-Vis. Results provided relevant information about the best route of synthesis of nanocomposites applied in electrochemical sensors.
Tulio Chavez-Gil
Coppin State University, USA
Title: Bio-inorganic non lactamase metallo antibiotics
Time : 15:00-15:30
Biography:
Tulio Chavez-Gil is currently working as an Assistant Professor of Chemistry at Coppin State University, Baltimore, MD. He got his BS in Chemistry at Universidad del Valle (Cali, Colombia) where he worked as Researcher Assistant designing the Coals and Petroleum Lab in the School of Engineering. He earned his PhD in Inorganic Chemistry at Universidade de São Paulo, (São Paulo, BR) in 1997. He spent 2 years (1997-1999) as Post-doctoral fellow at University of Kumamoto (Japan) and other 2 (2000-2002) at University of Puerto Rico - Mayaguez. His academic accomplishments include positions at Universidad de Los Andes (Bogota, Col - 2003), Inter-American University of Puerto Rico (2004-2014). He has authored/coauthored 27 peer-reviewed publications (5 in Geology), one patent application and more than 70 research/educational presentations. He has been awarded with the Cnpq scholarship award (BR), the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), the MBRS-NIH award (UPR), and the Ronald E McNair mentorship award 2007-2014 at IAUPR. He is serving as an Editorial Board Member for the Structural Chemistry & Crystallography Communication Journal.
Abstract:
The fast emerging in antimicrobial resistance has been the timely challenge for all classes of antibiotics, temporarily assuaging the concerns of modern medicine. Nowadays, there has been a significant retraction on the drugs design and research investment to attain new antimicrobial medicines by the major pharmaceutical companies with the coinciding escalation in global nosocomial infection. Metallo-antibiotic compounds has been less related with medicine applications and here we are presenting new results about the antimicrobial activity of a series of chelators having N and O functionalities and its vanadium complexes as a lane of research developed with particular emphasis to test its antibiotic activity against the emergent so called “ESKAPE” super bugs. Some of the most serious infections caused by ESKAPE strains are bateremia, pneumonia, osteomyelitis, acute endocarditis, myocarditis, pericarditis, cerebritis, meningitis, chorioamnionitis, scalded skin syndrome, abscesses of the muscle, urogenital tract, central nervous system, and various intra abdominal organs. The proposed artificial antibiotics and its derived complexes have being synthesized between dipicolonic acid (found in bacteria’s cell wall), 2-methylsalycilate, anthranilic acid, and NH4VO3. Those non-ï¢-lactamase chelators and its vanadium compounds, are still acting as either cytotoxic or bacteriostatic agents against a broad scope of bacterial strains. The in vitro preliminary screening with Gram-(positive/negative) strains suggests powerful growth inhibition activity on different bacteria viz., Staphylococcus aureus; Staphylococcus epidermidis; Bacillus cereus; Streptococcus faecalis; Acinetobacter baumannii; Citrobacter freundii; Salmonella typhimurium; Serratia marcescens; Escherichia coli; Enterobacter aerogenes; Enterobacter cloacae; Klebsiella pneumoniae; Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Proteus vulgaris.