2^nd World Chemistry Conference August 08-10, 2016 Toronto, Canada

Biography:

Aiichiro Nagaki received his PhD from Kyoto University under the supervision of Professor Jun-ichi Yoshida in the year 2005. He worked with Professor Hiroaki Suga, Tokyo University in 2005 as a Post-doctoral Fellow. In 2006, he became an Assistant Professor of Kyoto University. He was promoted to Junior Associate Professor in the year 2013. His current research interests are organic synthesis, polymer synthesis, and microreactor synthesis. He has won many awards: Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Award in Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan (2012); Incentive Award in Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan (2012) and; Young Innovator Award on Chemistry and Micro-Nano Systems (2013).

Abstract:

Organo-fluorine compounds are the substances of considerable interest in various industrial fields due to their unique physical and chemical properties. Despite increased demand in wide fields of science, synthesis of organofluorine compounds is still often faced with problems. Recently, flow microreactor synthesis has emerged as a new methodology for producing chemical substances with high efficiency. Here, we report a flow microreactor method for the synthesis of organofluorine compounds based on the generation of unstable fluoro- substituted organolithiums involving perfluoroalkyllithiums and subsequent reactions that are not compatible with the generation process.

Biography:

Education: Ph.D, Oregon State University (Physical Chemistry), 1994 Teaching Responsibilities: Physics for non-science students, General Chemistry, Physical Chemistry, Organic Chemistry lab Specialties/Research Interests: Computer models of lithium ion batteries. Computer models of clays as a drug delivery method Advising Areas: Chemistry, Biochemistry, Medical Technology Personal Interests: Canoeing, Traveling to Central America, Gardening

Abstract:

Molecular mechanics calculations, based on equations such as the one below, are used to investigate a colorectal cancer drug, 5-fluorouracil, intercalated into a clay, montmorillonite. This combination is currently being considered as a drug delivery system. The swelling of clays has been studied since the 1930s and is still not fully understood. Spartan ’14 is used for the calculations. Semi-empirical and ab initio basis set scaling is also examined since there are roughly 300 atoms involved in the full model.

Biography:

Sulaiman Al-Zuhair is a Professor and Coordinator of the MSc Program in the Chemical Engineering Department at UAE University. He earned a PhD in Biochemical Engineering from the University of Malaya (2003). Before joining UAE University, he held the position of Assistant Professor at the University of Nottingham, Malaysia campus. He published 1 book, 54 journal papers, 2 patents and 2 book chapters. Majority of his research work is on the uses of enzymes in various industrial applications. He has been serving as an Editorial Board Member of several reputable journals

Abstract:

The removal of CO2 for natural gas sweetening or flue gas treatments is most commonly done through absorption using aqueous amine solutions, due to their high capturing efficiency. However, the high energy demand of the stripping step, conventionally used to regenerate the solvents, after the absorption process is completed, remains the main challenge facing the overall absorption process. The high energy requirements in the regeneration raises the energy penalty of CO2 capture by amine solvents in a fossil fuel power plant to about 23–30% of the energy output. In this work, the ability of microalgae to regenerate amine solutions saturated with CO2 has been tested, with a far lower energy requirements. In addition, the harvested microalgae can be readily used to produce valuable products, such as lipids, proteins, and pigments. Two strains of microalgae (Chlorella sp. and Pseudochlorococcum sp.) and two amine solutions (10% DEA and 10% MEA) were investigated at different light intensities. The microalgae growth rate and the drop in dissolved CO2 concentrations were monitored. Both strained behaved better in MEA solution, compared to DEA. With faster regeneration achieved using Pseudochlorococcum sp. The increased light intensity had a negative effect on the performance.

Biography:

Laura Sagle has completed her PhD in 2006 from University of California San Diego under the direction of Prof. Floyd Romesberg at the Scripps Research Institute. She then carried out postdoctoral research in the laboratory of Prof. Paul Cremer followed by another postdoc in the lab of Prof. Richard Van Duyne. The Sagle group currently carries out research at the biology-nanoscience interface, focused on improved LSPR biosensing and single molecule biophysical surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy.

Abstract:

Biosensing utilizing Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR) offers relatively inexpensive, label-free, facile detection that is amenable to on-chip devices. Such devices can provide exquisite sensitivity at a low cost and should prove extremely useful in resource limited environments. However, several challenges remain, such as: sensitivity to small molecule binding, specificity in complex biological solutions, detection of membrane-associated species and integration into on-chip devices. This presentation will highlight recent advances in LSPR-based biosensing devices developed in the Sagle group to overcome these limitations. One study we have done to increase sensitivity is an assay in which gold nanostars are aggregated upon addition of an analyte. Due to increased surface area of contact, a large decrease in Kd and limit of detection in the attomolar range was observed with this simple aggregation assay. In addressing the second challenge, we have incorporated shape complementarity on the nanoparticle surface to carry out size-selective biosensing with improved selectivity. The third challenge is tackled through the development of a novel plasmonic platform containing a solid supported lipid bilayer so that label-free measurements of membrane associated species can be carried out. This device is shown to have improved sensitivity over existing platforms. Lastly, large-scale patterning of the nanoparticle arrays enabling the interfacing of these arrays with microfluidic, on-chip devices are also presented.

Biography:

Cornelia G. Palivan is Professor in Physical Chemistry at the University of Basel, Switzerland. She received several awards for her research, and published more than 100 publications. Her interest is on development of hybrid materials (nanoreactors, active surfaces, artificial organelles, nanodevices, functional membranes) by combining biomolecules or mimics with synthetic supramolecular assemblies for medical, environmental, technological, and food science oriented applications.

Abstract:

Because organelles are key components in cells and comprise compartments loaded with molecules essential to life, their inadequate functioning can contribute to numerous pathological conditions. Creating artificial organelles that aid their natural counterparts in cells will have a dramatic impact on medicine in the treatment of disorders and in the design of artificial cells. To design artificial organelles, nanoscience provides a necessary tool, the self-assembly of amphiphilic copolymers into supramolecular structures such as micelles, tubes, and vesicles. They represent ideal candidates to form organelle-like compartments that can contain combinations of biomolecules. Here, we show the necessary steps for the development of an artificial organelle able to act in situ inside cells. The artificial organelle is based on two enzymes in tandem encapsulated in polymer vesicles with membrane rendered permeable by inserted channel proteins. Polymer vesicles play a dual role: they protect the enzymes from proteolytic attack and allow them to act inside their cavity. An example of the first artificial peroxisome is presented as model for nanosciance based strategy to design artificial organelles. Uptake, absence of toxicity, and in situ activity in cells exposed to oxidative stress demonstrated that the artificial peroxisomes detoxify superoxide radicals and H2O2 after endosomal escape. Our artificial peroxisome combats oxidative stress in cells, a factor in various pathologies (e.g. arthritis, Parkinson’s, cancer, AIDS), and offers a versatile strategy to develop other “cell implants” for cell dysfunction.

Biography:

Anupreet Kaur is serving as an Assistant Professor at UIET, Panjab University Chandigarh, India. She has completed her Master’s in Chemical Engineering and is pursuing her PhD in Biotechnology.

Abstract:

Chiral molecules are the molecules which possess non-superimposable mirror image, referred as enantiomers. Stereoisomerism may result in altogether varied pharmacological activity and potency. In this regard, a drug molecule with a single chirality would render to be more selective with improved therapeutic benefits compared to racemic analogues. Such stereoisomerism necessitates the thorough assessment of pharmacological and toxicological studies. Separation of such enantiomers has been possible with the emergence of new technologies in the last few decades before which majority of the drugs were marketed as racemates.1, 4-dihydropyridine is a calcium channel blocker generally used in the treatment of hypertension. Novel analogues of this class have been synthesized in our lab via microwave irradiation. Microwave heating is considered to be a green approach as it makes use of the solvent which is rapid and eco-friendly. The structures for the same compounds were confirmed with the help of NMR, IR and MS analysis. The synthesized compounds were subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis using majorly Candida antarctica, Pseudomonas lipases anticipating the induction of chirality. The results for the same have been established using chromatography methods which have been optimised for these compounds in terms of mobile phase composition, temperature, types of columns and flow rate so as to characterise these compounds in the shortest time. The retention time for all these compounds has been optimised to be less than 10 minutes. Their standard curves have been found to be linear over the concentration range of 10-60 µg ml-1. It has been demonstrated that the validated methods are simple, rapid, specific and reproducible and hence can be of great utility in the routine analysis of these drugs.

Biography:

Adit Sharan has done Bachelor in Pharmaceutical Sciences from Rayat-Bahra Institute of Pharmacy, Hoshiarpur with affiliation to Punjab Technical University (Jalandhar). Currently he is working for Micro Labs Ltd., since November 2012. He is a member of FIP (International Pharmaceutical Federation), The Hague, The Netherlands.

Abstract:

Objective: Vanillin is known to have antimutagenic, anti-invasive, and metastatic suppression potential. Antinociceptive property in acetic acid and antioxidant and hepatoprotective properties in carbon tetrachloride treated rats have also been demonstrated. Objective of this study is to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activity of vanillin.

Materials and Methods: The drugs and fine chemicals were purchased from Sigma Aldrich, Ranbaxy, India and MS Pharmaceuticals, India. Experimental Rats were assigned to groups of six animals each and anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using carrageenan induced rat paw aedema and anti-nocicetion was done using tail flick method. Carrageenan induced paw edema was used to evaluate pre and post anti-inflammatory activity and tail flick method was used in the evaluation of antinociceptive activity. Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Student’s t-test was used for statistical analysis in both the studies.

Results: There was significant decrease in the paw volume at 50 and 100mg/kg doses of vanillin when compared with control group. Meanwhile, an increase in percentage maximum possible effect (MPE) was seen by same doses of vanillin.

Conclusion: It has been concluded from the findings that vanillin possesses the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effect by virtue of its anti-histaminic and central analgesic activity, respectively.

Biography:

Alireza Doroudi has completed his PhD in 2005 from Tehran University of Medical Sciences. He is a Radiopharmacist, Associated Professor and Director of research team focusing on new developed technique for reconstitution kits, preparation of new radiotracer for diagnosis of infection and bone pain palliation therapy and synthesis of new radiosensitizer compounds. He has published more than 20 papers in reputed journals.

Abstract:

Sonochemistry is a branch of chemical research dealing with the application of ultrasound waves. Green chemistry has successfully improved the yield of the reactions, changed the reaction pathway or initiated the reaction. Technetium 99m 2-methoxy isobutyl isonitrile is a lipophilic cation complex that has been accumulated in viable myocardial tissue by passive diffusion into myocyte with subsequent binding to the mitochondria within the cell. This radiotracer has been demonstrated suitable characteristics for myocardial perfusion studies. The freeze dried kit of sestamibi contains 2-methoxy isobutyl isonitirle (Sestamibi) as a performed copper (I) complex, which facilitates labeling by ligand exchange at elevated temperature. The labeling process of MIBI as a conventional method is time-consuming. It is highly desirable to reduce the time of labeling process particularly in emergency situations in clinical practice. In our previous study, 37 MBq(1mCi) 99mTc-MIBI samples with appropriate yields could be reconstituted under ultrasound irradiation technique. Then the activity was scaled up to the amounts that could be used for myocardial perfusion imaging. The new developed technique has been suggested for preparation of 99mTc-MIBI in clinical practice. We continued our achievement to the other radiopharmaceutical kit which the reconstitution is time-consuming in nuclear medicine departments.

Biography:

Dr. Albert is a Research Chair at the Thunder Bay Regional Research Institute and Lakehead University. He is Director of MRI Research, Director of the Hyperpolarized Gas MRI Laboratory, a Scientist at TBRRI, and Professor of Chemistry at Lakehead University. Prior to this he was Associate Professor of Radiology at the Harvard Medical School. Dr. Albert is one of the inventors and pioneers of hyperpolarized gas MRI, and holds 9 patents on its development. He received the United States Presidential Award from President Clinton for this invention and received a CAREER award from the National Science Foundation (NSF).

Abstract:

Hyperpolarized (HP) agents have the potential to vastly improve MRI sensitivity for the diagnosis and management of various diseases. The polarization of 3He and 129Xe can be enhanced by a factor of up to 100,000, which enables direct detection of the HP agent with no background signal. Conventional 1H MR imaging of the lungs is very challenging, particularly due to the low proton density in lung tissue. HP gas MRI, using 3He or 129Xe, can be used to obtain high-quality images of the lung structure and function. Inert fluorinated gas 19F MRI is a new pulmonary imaging modality that may be able to provide images and functional information similar to HP gas MRI. Inert fluorinated gases are nontoxic, abundant, inexpensive, and do not need to be hyperpolarized prior to their use in MRI, and their short T1 allows for signal averaging within a breath-hold. HP 129Xe is a potentially valuable MR tracer for functional brain imaging due to its high solubility in the blood and brain, and its large chemical shift range. We published the first results using HP 129Xe brain imaging techniques for the measurement of cerebral ischemia and cortical brain function in rats. HP 129Xe can also be used in biosensors for molecular MR imaging, and delivered to a target by means of dedicated molecular cage systems that can encapsulate xenon and bind to biological sites of interest using a targeting moiety, such as an antibody or a ligand, which enables detection of a specific biomarker.

Biography:

Myself Dr. T. Subramanian completed my Ph.D., at the age of 29 years from Madurai Kamaraj University, India. I have been awarded of Post-Doctoral Fellow from University of South Dakota, SD, USA. Got award of UGC-JRF & SRF from Government of India. Now I am working as a assistant professor in Department of Chemistry, Saiva Bhanu Kshatriya College, Aruppukottai, Tamil Nadu, India. I have published more than 10 papers in reputed journals. Attended more than 10 International and 20 National Conference. I have visited two countries such as USA and France.

Abstract:

A simple, green, clean and reusable method is developed for the synthesis of primary aromatic amines from aryl halides and arylboronic acids using aqueous ammonia and Cu(I)-Y zeolite as a heterogeneous catalyst. Using this very convenient, inexpensive, reusable and practical approach, a variety of substituted aryl halides and arylboronic acids are readily aminated. Amination processes find applications in the production of aminopyridines and pyrroles. Use of these homogeneous catalysts are generally connected with problems in separation, recovery and regeneration of the catalysts which can be minimised using a heterogeneously catalyzed reaction. Zeolites/clays are capable of stabilising small metal particles and can maintain their activity. In addition, zeolites are known for their shape selectivity, which can enhance the selectivity of the heterogeneous catalysis. This procedure outlined here is highly competitive with existing copper based catalysts and it can be readily adopted in custom synthesis and industrial processes. This coupling reaction involving ammonia was performed under nitrogen atmosphere at room temperature without the need for sealed reaction set-up, no external ligand to stabilize the metal ion, easy separation and avoids unwanted side reactions. This efficient copper catalyzed method is also successfully studied for the synthesis of primary aromatic amines by coupling of arylboronic acids. It is relevant to note here that in a recent review on catalytic organometallic reactions of ammonia, Hartwig has highlighted a few remaining goals to be accomplished in this vital area. The present work fulfils two of these challenges, namely lower temperature and reaction of ortho-substituted aryl halides. Further studies are underway to expand the scope of this method to other related synthetic applications.